Was Earl Walker Of G4s Cash Services Convicted?
Timeline: Loftier-contour U.S. spy cases of the last two decades
WASHINGTON (CNN) -- The arrest of retired Air Force Sgt. Brian Regan this week marks the latest in a series of alleged spy cases in the United states.
In the last two decades alone, a slew of U.S. citizens, armed services personnel and government workers have been defendant -- and, in several cases, convicted -- of personally inflicting serious harm on national security and intelligence by working as spies for other countries.
Among the alleged and convicted spies -- including the dates of their arrests and the details of their cases:
2001: Robert Hanssen
A 25-year veteran of the FBI, Hanssen took $1.iv million in cash and diamonds in return for passing forth U.S. secrets to Moscow. The secrets included the identities of U.S. spies, highly classified eavesdropping engineering science and nuclear war plans, according to the indictment against him.
As part of a plea agreement reached in July, Hanssen pleaded guilty to 15 counts of espionage and conspiracy. U.S. officials also expelled four senior Russian diplomats linked to the case in March, one month afterwards Hanssen's abort.
2000: George Trofimoff
In June, Trofimoff became the highest-ranking U.S. military officer e'er convicted of spying. A colonel in the U.S. Army Reserve when he retired in 1994, Trofimoff had been charged with passing military secrets to the Soviet Spousal relationship during the Cold War.
The German-born Trofimoff had served as a civilian employee of the U.S. Regular army in Frg during much of his 35-twelvemonth career in armed forces intelligence. Trofimoff was besides accused of conspiring to sell U.S. military secrets to the KGB -- the Soviet spy agency -- for more than than 20 years first in 1969, and prosecutors said the Soviets awarded him the Guild of the Reddish Banner for his service.
2000: Mariano Faget
Government arrested Faget, a one-time Immigration and Naturalization Service official, on Feb 17, 2000, a month before his scheduled retirement. Three months later, the Cuban-born Miami commune officer faced up to x years in prison after being convicted of violating the Espionage Deed.
Faget was found guilty of revealing classified information to a friend with ties to Cuba. As part of an FBI sting operation, Faget was fed phony classified information about a Cuban official who was virtually to defect. He was warned that the information was secret, only no secret cloth actually was divulged.
1999: Wen Ho Lee
Federal officials defendant Lee, a authorities scientist, of spying for the Chinese in his job equally a physicist at the Los Alamos, New Mexico, nuclear laboratory.
A 59-count federal indictment declared that Lee failed to safeguard classified information adequately past downloading top-cloak-and-dagger data into a non-secure estimator, although it stopped brusk of espionage charges. After nine months in jail awaiting trial, Lee was freed after an FBI agent testified he had been given false testimony. A federal judge sharply criticized the regime'south treatment of the case, as did civil liberties organizations, which defendant authorities of targeting Lee because of his Asian heritage.
1999: Jean-Philippe Wispelaere
A erstwhile Australian military intelligence annotator, the U.South. government said Wispelaere sold hundreds of classified documents to an amanuensis posing as a spy. Having worked on an Australian defense programme that cooperates with U.S. intelligence agencies on top-undercover defence projects, U.South. officials say Wispelaere abruptly resigned in January 1999 and half-dozen days later tried to sell classified data in Thailand.
Wispelaere pleaded non guilty in a Virginia federal courtroom, but he was found mentally incompetent to stand trial.
1998: David Boone:
A former Army signals annotator for the National Security Agency, Boone was arrested in October 1998 and charged with selling classified documents to the Soviet Union between 1988 and 1991, including a list of Russian sites targeted past U.Due south. nuclear weapons.
According to the FBI, Boone was under financial difficulties and volunteered his services to the Soviets by walking into the Soviet Embassy in Washington in October 1988. He pleaded guilty to conspiracy in February 1999 and was sentenced to 24 years and four months in prison.
1998: Douglas F. Groat
Fired from the CIA in 1996 after 16 years of service, Groat was indicted in April 1998 on espionage and extortion charges. Groat, who had worked for the CIA'due south "black bag" unit of measurement that breaks into embassies to steal code books, avoided trial and received a five-year judgement in 1998.
1997: Squillacote, Stand and Clark
U.S. authorities learned almost the spy ring involving college buddies Theresa Marie Squillacote, husband Kurt Alan Stand up and friend James Michael Clark several years after the collapse of Due east Germany in the late 1980s.
A CIA agent implicated Squillacote in 1997 for having and revealing pinnacle-secret military documents. By 1998, all three individuals had been convicted and were serving jail terms between 12 and 21 years.
1996: Harold Nicholson
Similar Regan, Nicholson was arrested at Dulles International Airport exterior Washington while attempting to board a flight to Switzerland. Federal prosecutors said he was conveying 10 rolls of motion-picture show of classified documents at the time of his arrest, every bit well as nevertheless-uncracked coded messages on a figurer disk. They say he was planning to meet his Russian handlers, who would pay him more than $180,000.
Nicholson pleaded guilty to attempted espionage and conspiracy to commit espionage in 1997, and is currently serving a 23-year prison house term.
1996: Edwin Earl Pitts
A thirteen-yr veteran of the FBI, Pitts contacted the KGB in 1987 to offer his services and continued selling secrets to the Russians until 1992. Tipped off by a Russian double agent, an FBI sting performance implicated Pitts and led to his arrest in December 1996.
Pitts, who supposedly received $224,000 from the Russians for his services, pleaded guilty to espionage charges in 1997 and was sentenced to 27 years in prison.
1996: Robert Kim
Authorities arrested Kim, a quondam Navy computer specialist, at a diplomatic reception at Fort Myer, Virginia, later charging him with passing classified information to a S Korean navy captain.
Originally indicted on three espionage charges, Kim pleaded guilty to a reduced conspiracy charge, letting the authorities avoid a trial that threatened to reveal highly sensitive secrets. Kim was sentenced to nine years in jail in July 1997.
1994: Aldrich Ames
Many experts now call Ames the most damaging turncoat in U.Due south. history -- at least until Hanssen'southward case came to lite. Ames began selling U.S. secrets to the KGB in 1985, when he was caput of the CIA's Soviet counterintelligence unit.
Working with his married woman, Ames revealed more than 100 covert operations, betrayed at least thirty agents and played a role in the execution of 10 U.Due south. operatives past the Soviets -- all for more than than $two.7 1000000. He was later convicted and sentenced to life in prison.
1985: Robert Pelton
A low-level communications specialist at the National Security Bureau for xiv years, Pelton was arrested for selling secrets to the Soviets. His most dissentious disclosure related to a top-secret U.S. operation aimed at recording Soviet communications.
Pelton was convicted in 1986 on two counts of espionage and 1 count of conspiracy and was sentenced to three concurrent life sentences.
1985: Jonathan Jay Pollard
Unlike most other U.S. spies who worked with American enemies, Pollard was arrested and convicted for selling classified data to a staunch ally, State of israel, while a civilian employee at the Naval Intelligence Service. Like Ames, he partnered with his married woman in the sale of state secrets; his wife was sentenced to five years, Pollard to life in prison.
Since his conviction in 1986, State of israel has lobbied U.S. administrations to pardon Pollard. President Clinton considered doing so in 1998, but to pull back after CIA Manager George Tenet threatened to resign if Pollard was pardoned.
1985: Walker family
Retired Navy warrant officer John Walker's 18-year spy odyssey encompassed not only the Soviet Union, but his son and blood brother. Ironically, his ex-wife tipped the FBI to his activities, which included sales of information to the Soviets, including information on encryption devices that compromised U.S. communications.
In tardily 1985, Walker pleaded guilty to espionage charges and was sentenced to two life terms plus 10 years. His son, Michael, got 25 years; his blood brother, Arthur James, life in prison; and a Navy colleague, Jerry Whitworth, 365 years.
1985: Edward Lee Howard
Howard was one of the few accused U.Due south. citizens-turned-spies non to face a courtroom of law in the United States -- instead fleeing to Moscow while under FBI surveillance.
Howard allegedly sold secrets to the Soviets afterward being forced to resign from the CIA in June 1983 because of drinking and other problems. He fled before he could be arrested, and the Soviet Union granted him political asylum.
1985: Larry Wu-tai Mentum
Authorities arrested Chin -- an intelligence officer in the CIA'due south Strange Circulate Information Service -- in 1985 and accused him of spying for China for more than thirty years.
A federal court convicted Chin on 17 espionage and tax charges. But earlier he could exist sentenced, Mentum killed himself in his jail cell by placing a plastic bag over his caput.
1984: Richard William Miller
Miller was a Los Angeles-based FBI amanuensis when he was arrested for passing classified documents to two pro-Soviet immigrants -- who themselves were arrested and pleaded guilty to conspiracy.
Later on a mistrial in 1984 and a conviction was overturned in 1989, Miller was bedevilled in a third trial and sentenced to 20 years in 1991. He was released three years later, however, after a federal judge reduced his sentence.
-- U.South. Defense Security Services cloth was used in this written report.
Was Earl Walker Of G4s Cash Services Convicted?,
Source: https://www.cnn.com/2001/US/08/24/spy.timeline/
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